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Overview

Agent Bacteria: brucella abortus (biovar 1-6,9) brucella melitensis (biovar 1-3), Brucella suis (biovar 1-5), Brucella canis.
Incubation 5-60 days (1-2 months).
Period of communicability No person-to-person transmission.
Reservoir Cattle, goats, sheep, swine.
Modes of transmission -Consumption of unpasteurized milk and milk products.
-Contact with skin breaks with infected animal tissues (placenta, abortion…)
-Airborne in pens, stables, laboratories, abattoirs.
Clinical Systematic bacterial infection, with irregular fever.
Worldwide Worldwide, in particular in Mediterranean region.
Lebanon Endemic with seasonal pattern in summer.
Control objective Control.
National figures.
Figure 1: Annual incidence of brucellosis, Lebanon, 1997-2012
International figures (Source: Dean AS, Crump L, Greter H, Schelling E, Zinsstag J (2012) Global Burden of Human Brucellosis: A Systematic Review of Disease Frequency. PLoS NeglTrop Dis 6(10): e1865. Doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001865)
Table 1: Annual incidence of Brucellosis in selected countries
Region   World  
Egypt 0.28 - 70.0 Germany 0.03
Iraq 52.29 - 268.81 Argentina 12.84
Iran 0.73 - 141.6 Chad 34.86
Jordan 25.7 - 130.0 Greece 4.00 - 32.49
Oman 11.01 Italy 1.4
Palestine 8 Kyrgystan 88
Saudi Arabia 137.61 Mexico 25.69
Turkey 11.93 - 49.54 USA 0.02 - 0.09
 
 
 

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